assimilation
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When the Irish Weren’t White
“[T]hey steal, they are cruel and bloody, full of revenge, and delighting in deadly execution, licentious, swearers and blasphemers, common ravishers of women, and murderers of children.” —Edmund Spencer “The emigrants who land at New York, whether they remain in that city or come on in the interior, are not merely ignorant and poor—which might…